I don't know if YNAB was helpful but now she's debt free, just redid her roof, and she asked me about an offer for Betterment. so I took a look at it.
i wanted to like it. I wanted her to have alternatives to her FA at UBS who ... does what? ad diversifidium ad nauseum.
So, I looked at Betterment to see if it could be a viable alternative, then wrote her the response below. I'd summarize my experience as follows; when I had questions I called the 800 number on the signup page and no one answered. so i clicked "live chat" and it opened an email box.
these are fixable things if they want to fix them but I couldn't get around my objection when I learned that one of the lead investors is a very wealthy serial "RIA entrepreneur" with a mixed record for his clients. Whose interests does he look out for?
Betterment is part of a trend towards "robo advisers" and as a form of inexpensive market exposure maybe that industry could work, but I'd advise her to shop around for a company with a better record of putting the customer first.
Betterment
there is a lot of marketing. it's catchy! it was VERY quick to get to the low costs.
but it was hard to get to a page that told me anything important other than; "we are cheap, easy to use and statistics show better returns." but what do they do and who are they?
they invest in ETFs across various market sectors ...
"Your money is in an optimized diversified portfolio of low-cost stock and bond ETFs that balance risk and reward. The portfolio also has a slight small-cap and value tilt, which has tended to beat the market in the long term."
... ETF's are computer created portfolios designed to match a market or market sub-set (like large cap, mid-cap or small-cap stocks). Most major fin svcs companies brand and sell ETF's (Blackrock, Merrill, WisdomTree, etc). Maybe betterment has their own? I don't know.
through ETF's an investor gets "broad exposure to the market" but at lower costs than mutual funds (ie managed by people). the nobel prize winning piece is tied to the "the capital markets theory" that defines an "optimum portfolio". it's been around for more than 50 years ...
... there's another fund that does nobel prize investing under the "french fama model" called DFA. i think they're the best quant fund available to retail investrs. but i digress.
there's a bunch of things about ETF's. first and foremost, they are a product sold by financial svcs companies to make money. they offer "broad market exposure" by buying and selling shares all day to match the market at that moment either by market cap or valuation. it's "algorithmic" trading. by computer. ETF's account for an enormous amount of daily trading volume maybe +80% of total?
they are not as diversified as most people think b/c of various overlaps Murray Stahl explains it best ...
http://www.frmocorp.com/_content/essays/Representation_in_ETFs_ETF_Paradox.pdf
http://www.frmocorp.com/_content/essays/ETF_Tide_and_Stock_Selection.pdf
... they are trading machines. and b/c they're machines, the costs are cheap: Betterment advertises 25 basis points for AUM below $100k and 15 bp above. note that deeper in, the website indicated 0.19% were added for portfolio expenses. so 34 bps and 44 bps.
(see bottom of page >> https://www.betterment.com/
but that's still cheap; by comparison most advisers charge 1% + fees. But here you have an automated front-end putting money into an automated back-end (ETF) with no human interaction.
The "traditional" financial services industry - those who charge 1% or more - calls this class of company "robo advising". I thought that was slightly disparaging ... until I called the number on the Betterment signup page and sat on hold for 2 minutes. then I tried the live chat ... and it isn't actually live chat it's just an email page. dear.
big downer. but that's how they get better returns. SIMPLY B/C FEES EAT INTO RETURNS. remember Ben Franklin? "A dollar saved is a dollar earned". Still at the expense of customer service? maybe that will improve. part of the low cost is limiting human touch. why is human touch so expensive given we are surrounded by humans all the time?! and we're a social species?
big downer. but that's how they get better returns. SIMPLY B/C FEES EAT INTO RETURNS. remember Ben Franklin? "A dollar saved is a dollar earned". Still at the expense of customer service? maybe that will improve. part of the low cost is limiting human touch. why is human touch so expensive given we are surrounded by humans all the time?! and we're a social species?
anyways, who is Betterment, this inexpensive, market beating robot with an auto front / auto back?
I found a recent (1/8/15) article in an industry rag (http://goo.gl/NhKkwK ) about an investor in the company names Steve Lockshin. he's a serial RIA entrepreneur. he created a "pooled RIA" biz called AdviZent that failed. then he started another one called Convergent, but he just sold it after his partner (in the firm) killed himself (under questionable circumstances). As the article offers in its tell all ...
"Lockshin also reflected on the death of his former partner Dave Zier, who died in an apparent suicide in October amid scrutiny of an investment fund that he had been running outside of Convergent."
... and now he's involved in Betterment and a high net worth RIA called "AdvicePeriodLLC" with $300M AUM.
there's a lesson for aspiring RIA's and future customers. For aspiring RIA's, your job at the low end is under pressure from computers unless you can articulate a value add.
as for the potential customer, I'd say ... i don't fly discount airlines b/c the pilots are inexperienced and low-paid. And when something goes wrong I want someone with experience ... The same goes here.
But if this is your thing, I'd suggest you find another robo-advising business with a firm you can trust, not someone who is a serial money maker for themselves.
my broader concern I share with Murrah Stahl about automated ETF's, a new product not tested over cycles that is more duplicitous than it seems.
Generally speaking, for anyone who wants a financial adviser, find the right person who isn't dumb and pay a bit more for safer and more productive returns.
Generally speaking, for anyone who wants a financial adviser, find the right person who isn't dumb and pay a bit more for safer and more productive returns.
